If you’re considering EMDR therapy, you may have heard some mixed messages about what it involves or how it works. To clarify, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is a structured, evidence-based therapy that effectively treats trauma. Here, we’ll address five common misconceptions and provide a clearer picture of what you can expect from EMDR.
1. I Can Start Processing Memories Straight Away
Misconception: Some people think that EMDR jumps straight into processing painful memories.
Clarification: EMDR therapy follows an eight-phase approach, and processing memories is just one part of this process. Before reprocessing even begins, EMDR includes stages focused on preparation, safety, and resource-building. This allows clients to feel ready and stable before tackling challenging memories.
In the initial phases, clients work with their therapist to build a foundation of trust and learn coping skills to manage any distress that may arise. This preparation is essential, as it ensures clients feel supported and have the tools needed to handle emotions throughout therapy. EMDR is much more than memory reprocessing; it’s a structured, gradual approach to healing.
2. EMDR Won’t Work Because I Don’t Remember My Trauma
Misconception: Some clients worry that if they don’t remember specific details of a traumatic event, EMDR won’t be effective.
Clarification: EMDR can be highly effective even if the person doesn’t recall every detail of their trauma. One unique aspect of EMDR is its ability to work with implicit memories—those memories that might be felt in the body or experienced as vague sensations rather than clear recollections. EMDR taps into the body’s natural healing processes, allowing clients to process traumatic experiences without needing specific verbal memories or descriptions.
For those with fragmented or preverbal memories (experiences that happened before language was fully developed), EMDR can still be effective by focusing on emotions, body sensations, or beliefs that stem from those experiences. This makes EMDR particularly accessible for individuals who may not have full, explicit memories of their trauma but still feel its effects.
3. EMDR Is Only for 'Big T' Traumas
Misconception: People often think EMDR is only suited for severe, life-threatening events, like combat, abuse, or major accidents.
Clarification: While EMDR is indeed effective for these “big T” traumas, it’s also beneficial for “small t” traumas—those everyday experiences that can still cause emotional pain and affect well-being. These might include things like relationship conflicts, bullying, feelings of inadequacy, or difficult life transitions.
Repeated or unresolved “small t” traumas can accumulate over time and impact a person’s mental health just as significantly as a major event might. EMDR provides a way to address these lingering issues, helping people let go of negative beliefs or emotions attached to them. By working through both “big T” and “small t” traumas, EMDR offers a comprehensive approach to healing, helping individuals feel more resilient and at ease in their daily lives.
4. EMDR Is a Quick Fix
Misconception: Some believe that EMDR will resolve all trauma in just one or two sessions, expecting immediate results.
Clarification: While some people may feel relief quickly, EMDR is generally a structured, multi-session process. Each session builds on the previous one, allowing clients to work through memories and emotions at a sustainable pace. The length of treatment depends on individual factors, such as the severity of trauma, how ready a person feels, and their specific therapeutic goals.
For example, someone processing a recent, single-event trauma might experience significant relief in a few sessions, whereas someone with complex trauma may need a more extended course of therapy. EMDR’s strength lies in its ability to address both immediate and long-standing issues, helping clients achieve lasting change rather than temporary relief.
5. EMDR Therapy Only Uses Eye Movements
Misconception: EMDR is only about eye movements, which can sound off-putting or “weird” for some people.
Clarification: Although eye movements were initially central to EMDR, the therapy has evolved to include other forms of bilateral stimulation, like tapping, hand buzzers, or auditory tones. Bilateral stimulation (BLS) helps the brain process traumatic memories by activating both hemispheres, making it an essential component of EMDR. For those who may feel uncomfortable with eye movements, alternative options provide flexibility, enabling clients to choose a method that feels comfortable and effective.
Studies have shown that all forms of BLS can be effective, and your therapist can work with you to determine which method is most suitable. This adaptability allows EMDR to meet the needs and preferences of different clients, making it a versatile therapy option.
Conclusion
EMDR therapy offers a unique and powerful approach to addressing trauma, but it’s often misunderstood. By understanding the facts about EMDR, clients can make more informed decisions about their mental health care and know what to expect. EMDR is not an instant cure but a structured, evidence-based process that works at your pace, allowing for meaningful and lasting healing. If you’re curious about how EMDR could help you, consider reaching out to a qualified therapist to discuss your goals and any remaining questions you might have.